Saturday, December 7, 2013

How to maximize the probability & forecasting

There are a great number of  statistical analytic programs and methods that are used in every day life to calculate the relative risk of an activity to determine the performance of a particular stock on the stock exchange or to work out horse racing or to forecast a number in a lottery event.

 Much of the present statistical analytical tools, such as Binomial, Poisson, Hyper geometric, Normal, Exponential, Student t, Chi Squared, F, Beta and Lognormal Distributions; Inverses of Normal, Student t, Chi Squared, F, Beta and Lognormal Distributions; Lists of Binomial Coefficients, Factorials and Permutations; Calculations of Gamma and Beta Functions  can be applied to event level data populations and they are not much of use when the data of population contains much of random variables and high level of uncertainty of probability.

All of the above said statistical analytical methods will evaluate only the degree of probability that is to say the degree of chance of occurrence of event in population field. I have been studying various statistical analytical methods as described above as a hobby & used many of above statistical methods in forecasting, particularly in forecasting results in lottery games by using the past results. This went on for many years without getting any proper satisfactory level of forecasting. Later I tried it on many computer statistical analytical applications, mainly in Excel spread sheet applications and linear regression methods & found that you cannot predict any thing simply by feeding data of random variables as that of lottery outcomes otherwise the lottery operators would have vanished long back without any trace.

This new concept is a stumble upon & will simplify to a great extent when the population is much of random variables and unconditional. The main function of my concept is to stream line any random sequence with high uncertainty level of probability or no probability level into a conditional level and therefore very useful in much statistical analysis of probability and forecast, particularly in the use of probability density functions and uncertainty levels in the population groups. I therefore would like interested people and professionals in the field of statistics and probability theory to test the new concept, particularly in the applications of Monte Carlo simulation applications.

 In my many years of research work in this field, I found a particular application in simplifying the procedures to a great extent. There are many interesting features in the new concept that they could be utilized in many such linear numerical statistical applications in evaluating results in high levels particularly in applications of high uncertainty linear random variable populations. I strongly feel that my stumble upon this method of application will be interesting subject for many research people on statistical analysis, particularly in Monte Carlo simulation applications.

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This new concept is a stumble upon & will simplify to a great extent when the population is much of random variables and unconditional. The main function of my concept is to stream line any random sequence with high uncertainty level of probability or no probability level into a conditional level and therefore very useful in much statistical analysis of probability and forecast, particularly in the use of probability density functions and uncertainty levels in the population groups. I therefore would like interested people and professionals in the field of statistics and probability theory to test the new concept, particularly in the applications of Monte Carlo simulation applications.

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Let us take events of a lottery of daily draw. Let the following numbers be the results of daily draw of a single digit lottery

1, 5, 8, 3, 6, 7. ……… If you look at the numbers, you will find that the events are totally at random in occurrence and absolutely with no relevance in between them. You cannot predict the next lottery number however expert you may be in statistics. There is a total uncertainty in forecasting next number. The BEST method in forecasting the next event is ‘conditional probability method ‘. In this method, another parallel format of  event  for each occurrence of numbers is taken in account and future event is predicted against the occurrence of the number in the conditional format. This method is known as ‘linear regression method ‘ In simple terms predicting the future value by using existing values. The predicted value is a Y value for a given X value.   The known values are existing x-values and y-values, and the new value is predicted by using linear regression. You can use this function to predict future sales, inventory requirements, or consumer trends, in forecasting gambling, horse racing and many more. Given below are STEPS, which will make you to understand the NEW CONCEPT and how to use it in forecasting future events without much fuss and in utmost probability levels.



                                                            STEP -1                               

                                                                                                                                             

Select some random variable serial wise and lay those in a column K as below and in the left side column are alphabets denoting the corresponding integer on the right side. Let us select six random variables.

                                                            STEP - 2



Subtract the lower integer from the top integer of column K  and display the results in the next column as shown below. The procedure goes as 1 – 5 ( A – B ) = - 4,  5 – 8 ( B – C ) =  - 3,  ….. so on. Continue this procedure until you get single cell display at the end, as shown in figure 2.





 STEP – 3



Add all the numbers of each row and display it in the column # A shown as above as

In row A = 1 + 0 = 1, in row B =  5 + ( - 4 )  = 1,  in row C = 8 + ( - 3 ) + ( - 1 ) = 4………so on

Continue this process till you gets a format on the left side and I call it as FORMATTED TRIANGLE and the first column as FORMATTED COLUMN or as # A  (brown in color)



                                                       STEP - 4



The formatted triangle, as mentioned above is the main fundamental feature of the formatting  and in the coming lines many interesting properties or you can say as interesting FEATURES are found in the FORMATTED TRIANGLE. Now we shall proceed further in evolving many interesting



features that the formatted triangle contains. Let us first take the formatted triangle, shown as above

Feature1). The top two digits, A & B will be same in value



Feature no. 2). The difference of third integer from 2nd, and 4th  to 3rd will

 - be same. B – C = C – D, as seen in the next column as -3, -3





Figure - 2



                              Figure – 1                                              

                   (   Formatted triangle)



Figure – 1 is formatted triangle as described above. When the digits displayed in the column # A is again further formatted, as shown in figure – 2, the same replica of  figure – 1 is seen . That is say that the totals of each row of triangle in figure – 1, will be same as of column # A. If you take the examples in STEP-2, the formatted triangle displayed in Figure -2  is not the replica of

Figure - 1

Feature no 4) The first column # A of formatted triangle is again formatted, it will be the same replica of the first triangle.



Take the integers of column # A from figure – 1 as shown above and the end integers of same row. The display will be as below. Subtract the end nos. from column # A and observe the result.


For next feature , let us take  the formatted olumn #A  and include ‘ 0 ‘ on the top cell as shown below  and repeat the formatting as explained in STEP -2, figure – 2.




 In the above example, the column is the display of original random variables selected and the subsequent columns are the display of column A, the end nos. and last one is the total of col. A and the end nos. of each row. Let us take the column of the ‘total’ for further evolution and exploring new features as below.

Now we will triangle format the total column as explained in STEP – 2



VIEW - 1

 Feature no) 13). Periodicity of alphabetical order is seen in the order of formulas.

If you look at the formulas,  VIEW – 2, the periodicity of display order is seen as column wise as A, A, A, A, …….B, 2B, 3B, 4C, ……..C, 2C, 4C, 7C, 11C, ….and so on



The formatted column #A, some more fundamental properties numbering 14, 15, 16, & 17) and the formulas may be of much helpful in many statistical applications.



Feature no18) Periodicity of alphabetical order is also seen in the display of above formulas as described in feature no 13). In evolving further such features in bigger populations, computer application is needed to identify such equations as described above and also it is a matter of working this new concept on the computer surely many of similar more features could be found with the help of the computer in working with large population of data.

                                                           STEP – 8

 Before going further, it is important to understand the above concepts and the said features by working with different small samples on paper, preferably on Microsoft Excel work sheet on computer and test the features.

USE OF THE NEW CONCEPT IN PROBABILITY, FORECAST

How this concept can be incorporated in evaluating probability & forecast, particularly when the population contains random and uncertainty level ? let us take some examples and work out implementing some of the said features. Sample 1s taken from STEP -7, WIEW – 1.


The numbers displayed in the column A is selected randomly and triangle formatted as described in STEP – 2.

The numbers displayed in #A column are formatted by adding integers on the left format row wise. As said that the two columns A  &  #A will have conditional probability, we will take the two columns separately and work out.                             


The easy way is to look in the 9th row ( I row ), add up the 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9th cells 

Important :-  the selection of the random variables must always be ODD in number

There are several ways in selecting the proper conditional serial format with column A

1). The column can be selected with any formatted column, arising there by after triangle formatting the column A as described in many examples in the above STEPS. in this way you get many options of conditional formatted series in evaluating the forest of X to a greater level of accuracy. Some times all or majority of cells in #A will coincide with the corresponding cells of column A.

2). As the column #A is formatted one with unknown event in the last column as               ( - 1 - 100 ). And the above cells are known & conditional with well defined periodicity, the forecasting the last event can well be evolved with many applications of statistical analysis, most preferably with Monte Carlo simulations.

3). The features of 14),  15).  16),  &  17) with formulas having well defined periodicity,  and the Zero start format, described in STEP – 5,  are very useful in evaluating the propagation of future trails in the conditional series.

                                                        STEP -  9

. There are several features hidden in the formatted columns like that of #A. we will explore some of the unique features by formatting the #A in different way.

Example taken is column #A. as below.



the above example it can be seen that several well defined formatted columns could be generated from single column #A. larger the integers in col. #A. larger will be the generated # columns. If the last cell of col. #A is substituted with variable X. all the end cells of each subsequent columns will have different values with X+ or X- .

Important : - in selecting any two columns in forecasting applications, the top two paired nos. in the columns should be lined in a row.

In conclusion, there are many such features that somebody can explore by using the computes and by selecting large populations. May be, some of the features thus found  are more interesting and more potent in the applications of many probability forecasts.

Source: https://sites.google.com/site/newconceptssite/how-to-maximize-the-probability---forecasting-of-events-in-gambling-3

Picking the winning combinations or numbers

  Introducing completely a new concept in picking the winning combinations or numbers in lottery, Lotto, and in similar gambling events at maximum certainty and probability levels there by minimizing the number of tickets they would actually need to purchase and It improves the numerical odds of picking winning lottery numbers and effectively saves money compared to all the other leading lottery number pickers. The lottery is a random game of chance., it's gambling. So, what? It's fun, exciting and easy to play. 

  . No body wants to loose money in such lottery or in gambling events however rich they are and except a lucky few & majority loose money and end-up in state of despair and agony. In lottery and similar pool games the events are totally random in nature and forecasting of next event cannot be evaluated by any of present statistical analytical methods. Let us take an example of results of local single digit lottery daily draws as 3, 4, 1, 6, 2, 5, 5, 1, 0, 2, 5, 2, 5, 9, 8,…….. so on. Look at the way the numbers appeared in each lottery draw. There is no relation, correlation or any type of mathematical formulas connected and totally chaotic and you cannot predict the next event in the lottery however expert you are in the statistical analytical mathematics or astrology, tarot readings, numerology or by any sort of fortune telling methods. There is no fun playing in gambling of lottery by picking numbers at random or by selecting as lucky nos. as all the numbers will have equal probability of occurrence irrespective of lucky or unlucky. For incorporating any system in probability theory, the population or the data selected, must have a trend line and not merely of random in occurrence. The figures of sales, inventory, population growth etc. have trends. The mostly used systems are linear regression method and Monte Carlo simulation procedures. Both these methods use conditional level of forecasting wherein each event should have parallel existing values in lieu.


 In my quest to find a suitable method in forecasting a winning number as of a lottery, with high degree of accuracy and after many years of testing of various statistical analytical methods in the theory of probability has resulted in stumbling upon a system of mathematical application and I call it pyramidon system .This system offers an incredibly real and practical correlation with gambling randomized events; lottery ; horse racing, sports betting, stock market forecasts. very simple form of mathematical application of simple additions and subtractions and you can enjoy the thrill of applying this method in forecasting many winning combinations in lottery gambling events If you play by selecting the numbers randomly then your chance of winning the event will be at random and have highest uncertainty level. It will be sheer luck if you win and there is no fun in betting in this way having a high uncertainty level of forecasting.

  . Suppose that you have come across a strip of the serial number of your electricity bill, where in the all the initial six digits of the past lottery result, that is 2, 5, 1, 0, 3, 4, are exactly coinciding with? It is not a thrill? In betting the next number of your electricity bill? Well, there is a high level of chance of occurrence of the next digit of your electricity bill. This method is known as conditional probability and all the forecasting of winning events in the said pyramidon system is totally based on. When you take the past records of certain winning numbers of any lottery or similar gambling event in a serial format and workout according to the methods of the pyramidon system, you will get the conditional format or the trend line. This trend line or the conditional format generated in the pyramidon is the main feature having a trend of occurrence of the numbers and thus eliminating the dreaded factor of total randomness and uncertainty level in calculating probability factors. Understanding & using the trend factor in picking  the winning number is the real task to master and dig-out. 

  There will be  a number of trend lines generated in the pyramidon system and a trend line having the highest correlation factor could be selected in picking the winning number. Not only this, you can use the conditional probability methods like Linear regression method, Monte Carlo simulations and many of correlation method in forecasting the winning lottery numbers.


. This pyramidon method is the only method in the application of forecasting the winning event, far advanced then any other systems of statistical analytical systems that are there existing to-day. No other methods or systems of statistical probability analytical method could be applied in a satisfactory level than pyramidon system in forecasting the winning numbers in the gambling and other similar events. Not only this method is very simple in application, it is much interesting in the working-out and evaluating the winning event at highest probability level. You will find lot of trend lines generated in the pyramidon which are very much in correlation with the past record of the winning numbers and some times you can find that a particular trend line in the pyramidon is exactly coinciding with that of the past winning number format and in such situation your logical mind will definitely come to a level of certainty in selecting the next number of the trend line as winning figure with confidence. Now let us go for the real stuff and get the thrill and excitement in looking at the astonishing working of pyramidon system.     

Let us get started with the working of the pyramidon system and observe the astonishing trend lines or conditional formats that are generated in order to have maximum confidence levels of probability in selecting the winning numbers.


                                          THE PYRAMIDON SYSTEM 

  If you know some thing about the famous Fibonacci numbers and awesome properties associated with, then you know how the Fibonacci numerical system is having a striking correlation with the phenomena of growth and evolution in the nature. Some sort of system, pattern & geometric symmetry could be seen hidden in the total in the chaotic conditions of the nature. The growth of plant leaves, flowers, crystals are some examples wherein the growth pattern is seen associated with the Fibonacci serial pattern. Similarly I could find a Fibonacci type of numerical system is hidden in the total random generation of numerical events, having a trend and conditional level as found in the Fibonacci series and very much useful in implementing in the probability theory and forecasting the winning combinations in the lottery.  

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Let us take a simple example and assume that below is the past record of a lottery draws of one of your favorite single digit lottery, taken in series. 

Past record of winning numbers of the lottery: - 4, 6, 2, 3,  6,  8, and X.(to forecast) displayed in column A
X is the 8th event that has to be forecasted wherein you can win nine times of the amount you get against the odds of 1:9. format the past record of winning nos. as below



. In the subsequent columns, B, C, D, …..G, are numbers of subtraction. For example in the column B, the figures -2, 4, -1, -3,… etc. are derived as   (4-6), (6-2), (2-3), (3-6) and so on. Add all the numbers in each row to get the results as of column T. for example, the total of 3rd row as 2, 4, and -6 will add up to 0 and shown in the column T. that’s all and you got the first conditional format or trend line in the column T. now observe how the totally random variable line of winning numbers shown in column A, got transformed into a conditional format having high certainty level of probability observed in column T. Observe that the sequence formation in column T.has a peculiar order of occurrence, shown in the column S.

 A pattern or a trend line could be seen in the sequence of numbers in column T also in S and according to the trend in column S you can have some confidence that the chances of  7-X = -2  and picking the next winning number as X=9. The trend lines can have values in double forms or in negative forms such as 4, 4, -5, -4, -13, 18 and so on. There is the trend and how to look for it in proper format?  In this case certain rules have to be followed  and you can see the above trend line as 4, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8

1). for single digit lottery events.
A) Take only the fist digit of display for calculations. For example in the display of 129, take the digit 9 and ignore the remaining digits.
2). When the final digit is evolved as negative form, for example as -4, add 10 to it to get the final figure, add 100 for double digit result, add 1000 for three digit result and so on. Suppose that you have found -3 or -41 or -561 as the final result after going trough the mathematical procedures mentioned in the pyramydon system as above, then 10 -4 = 6 or 100-41 = 59 or 1000 – 561 = 439 and pick only the last digit as 6 or 9 or 9 as winning numbers. 

   This procedure will not change the true outcome of the winning number at all. Some practical work is needed in order to understand the pyramidon system and to implicate the trend lines in forecasting the winning number.


Note :- the number of events selected or the population, should always be even in evaluating the next occurrence of the winning number( as 6, 8, 10, 12…….so on) in order to get the trend line.
There are three types of trend line that you will come across during pyramidon simulations as, 


1). Lower correlation 2). Normal correlation and 3). Higher correlation. Examples are
The formats of numbers observed (as in the column S ) as 1, 1, 3, 5,  or 2, 2, 4, 6  or 4. 4. 2. 0. or 7, 7, 10, 13 wherein the difference between the 2nd & the 3rd or the 3rd & the 4th is more than 1, come under lower correlation type 

The formats observed as 1, 1, 2, 3,  or 2, 2, 3, 4,  or 4, 4, 3, 2  or 7, 7, 8, 9 wherein the difference between the said consecutive numbers is 1, come under the normal correlation.
The format of numbers observed 1,1,1,1 or 3,3,3,3 or 5,5,5, 5 or 0,0,0,0 wherein the  difference in the consecutive numbers is nil, come under the higher correlation type
  

Always try to select the trend line having the higher correlation.
The magical trend line is the most significant format that you get after working the pyramidon system out of the selected numbers of past winning series as many hidden number of trend lines could be generated out of a single trend line in order find a trend line having higher correlation. In order get a normal or higher correlation trend line, you have to select more past winning numbers. More the past winning numbers selected, more are the trend lines generated and more are the chance of selecting the trend line of higher correlation. When you select more past results, the end part of the pyramidon can be bigger with more digits & the working out in the pyramidon system can be tedious and prone to mistakes & you may end up in getting the wrong nos. or wrong trend lines. Working out the pyramidon system on computer, in Microsoft excel spread  sheet will be of tremendous advantage in saving lot of time in calculations, formations and in elimination of mistakes. Microsoft Excel spread sheet is loaded with many built-in mathematical  functions helping you in the way you want to calculate the various parameters of additions, subtractions, multiplications and also with lot many statistical analytical methods, which may be very useful in finding the winning number combinations in the lotteries. It is very simple to learn Microsoft Excel of Window program. After properly laying the past winning nubers in proper format and suitably selecting the required built-in functions of excel, get started working with the pyramidon system on computer, by selecting various series of past records of lottery, lotto etc. and compare the results you get, with the winning numbers and working out in this way for a couple of days will make you to understand the working of the pyramidon system and selecting the winning combinations of highest probability.


Let us take some past winning numbers of a single digit daily draw lottery sample format and work out as described above

Past winning numbers are 7, 6, 8, 0, 5, 2, 4, 6, 3, 7 (even no. of figures) and after working out as shown in TABLE – 1 and adding up all the numbers in each row, as shown in column T  of TABLE – 1 you will get the format shown in the column A as below.



Now working out again in the way as shown in TABLE – 1 , you can find some of the trend lines running along column wise below the 0 cells. Look at the trend lines below 0 in each column  and find that there is a definite conditional level of  occurrence of numbers in the trend lines. In column C, the trend line forming as 13, 13, 26, 39, 52, and 65, there is a constant difference of 13 and hence the probability of occurrence of next cell number in the trend line as 78 can be high with high confidence level. Working out the equation X + 31 = 78 will give the value of X = 47 and as per the rule stipulated above, number 7 (last digit) should be selected.


When it comes in selecting thee figures that of lotto results, never select all the three digits as a whole and
Work out. Separate them column wise as shown below & select each column and work out for finding the winning number in the right place. Assume the following are the three digit lotto past results. Separate them column wise as 1, 9, 8, 2, ……of column A  so on in working with the Pyramidon system


                      A – B - C
……………………... 1 – 6 - 3                                                       
 …………………….. 9 – 7 – 2
 ……………………... 8 – 7 - 6
 ………………………2 – 6 - 9

The formation of trend lines in the Pyramidon system is the most fundamental feature having many hidden features, useful in probability theory applications and pyramidon system is the only system or method among all the present systems of statistical analysis as this system transforms total random and uncertainty level of the population into a conditional level with many trend lines generated in it. You have to study  the various trend lines for certainty levels and use good logic in finding winning nos. 

Source : https://sites.google.com/site/newconceptssite/Home/how-to-pick-pick-the-winning-numbers

Monday, November 25, 2013

Nature in Numbers

The Fibonacci sequence is possibly the most simple recurrence relation occurring in nature. It is 0,1,1,2,3,5,8,13,21,34,55,89, 144… each number equals the sum of the two numbers before it, and the difference of the two numbers succeeding it. It is an infinite sequence which goes on forever as it develops.

The Golden Ratio/Divine Ratio or Golden Mean
The quotient of any Fibonacci number and it’s predecessor approaches Phi, represented as ϕ (1.618), the Golden ratio. The Golden Ratio is best understood geometrically by the golden rectangle. A rectangle unevenly divided resulting into one square and one rectangle, the square’s sides would have the ratio of 1:1, and the new rectangle would be exactly proportionate to the original rectangle – 1:1.618.
This iteration can continue both ways, infinitely. If you plot a quarter circle inside each of the squares as they reiterate, the golden spiral is formed. The golden spiral is possibly the most simple mathematic pattern that occurs in nature like shells of snails, sea shells, horns, flowers, plants. Numbers are only what we use to organize quantitative information.


The Golden Ratio can be applied to any number of geometric forms including circles, triangles, pyramids, prisms, and polygons. The golden ratio is formed by thirds within thirds, sixths, the connection between two and three, including every even and odd number itself. The ratio itself represents the transcendence of numbers, understanding our world is not numbers, but what numbers represent. Through the spiral, the ratio illustrates how the numbers, all quantities, are quality. Eventually, all quality can be represented through quantity. Properties qualitative and quantitative are just labels of information, our gathered indisputable fact.

If you graph any number system, eventually patterns appear. In mathematics, numbers and their patterns do not only continue infinitely linear, but in all directions. For example, considering infinite decimal expansion, even the shortest segments have an infinite amount of points.


Our universe and the numbers not only go on infinitely linear, but even it’s short segments have infinite points.

Why should this be? Why has Mother Nature found an evolutionary advantage in arranging plant structures in spiral shapes exhibiting the Fibonacci sequence?

We have no certain answer. In 1875, a mathematician named Wiesner provided a mathematical demonstration that the helical arrangement of leaves on a branch in Fibonacci proportions was an efficient way to gather a maximum amount of sunlight with a few leaves - he claimed, the best way. But recently, a Cornell University botanist named Karl Niklas decided to test this hypothesis in his laboratory; he discovered that almost any reasonable arrangement of leaves has the same sunlight-gathering capability. So we are still in the dark about light.

This proportion is the same as the proportions generated by successive entries in the Fibonacci sequence: 5:3, 8:5,13:8, and so on
 As we go further out in the sequence, the proportions of adjacent terms begins to approach a fixed limiting value of 1.618034 . . . This is a very famous ratio with a long and honored history; the Golden Mean of Euclid and Aristotle, the divine proportion of Leonardo daVinci, considered the most beautiful and important of quantities. This number has more tantalizing properties than you can imagine.

Source: http://fractalenlightenment.com